Fostering Agency in Learning
Ideas
IDEA #11: Authentic Revision & Iteration
"For many professionals across disciplines, iterative processes are core to the work they do… It is through these iterative processes—with cycles of feedback—that professionals learn how to improve their work to meet their goals." —Northeastern University
Learning Intentions
The authentic revision and iteration process empowers students to receive or give feedback, revise their work, and create better drafts. This learning process mimics the revision process that occurs in the workplace, creating more opportunities for learning.
Success Strategies
- Keep a Record: Encourage students to keep notes of their edits and reflect how it affected their projects using notebooks, logs, journals, or minute-essays in class.
- Revision Blocks: Set aside class time for students to examine feedback, ask questions, and revise their work.
- Feedback Loops: Break assignments into steps/drafts with feedback (instructor, peer, or student self-reflection) to be utilized in the next step/draft.
- Revision Cycle: Assignment submission, feedback on specifications, time to revise using feedback, resubmit.
Peer Feedback
Peer feedback complements instructor feedback by providing a student with multiple perspectives and opportunities to work collaboratively, mimicking a workplace dynamic.
- Demonstrate and model how to give feedback.
- Assign 1–3 peer reviewers to review student work.
- Either in class, on a discussion board, or via a peer review system, have students review each other's work and provide written feedback.
- Give students time to incorporate the feedback for the next submission.
Resources
- Dudley, L. (2026). Belonging, Voice, and Agency in Organic Chemistry. Innovative Teaching Showcase. Center for Instructional Innovation, Western Washington University.
- Harvard Graduate School of Education. (n.d.). Tracking the Learning Process Using Design Notebooks. Harvard Instructional Moves. https://instructionalmoves.gse.harvard.edu/tracking-learning-process-using-design-notebooks
- Johnston, C. (2026). Cultivating Agency, Engagement, and Significant Learning in History Education. Innovative Teaching Showcase. Center for Instructional Innovation, Western Washington University.
- Messier, N. (2022, December 5). Equitable Assessments and Grading Practices. University of Illinois Chicago Center for the Advancement of Teaching Excellence. https://teaching.uic.edu/cate-teaching-guides/assessment-grading-practices/equitable-assessments-grading-practices/
- Miller, M. (2026). Teaching for Agency through Structured Practice. Innovative Teaching Showcase. Center for Instructional Innovation, Western Washington University.
- Northeastern University Center for Advancing Teaching and Learning Through Research. (n.d.). Iterative and Incremental Assignments for Deeper Learning. Northeastern University. https://learning.northeastern.edu/iterative-and-incremental-assignments-for-deeper-learning/
- Seton, H. (2021, March 5). Revisiting Revision. Harvard Graduate School of Education. https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/usable-knowledge/21/03/revisiting-revision
- University of Oregon Office of the Provost Teaching Support and Innovation. (n.d.). Active Learning & Metacognition. University of Oregon. https://teaching.uoregon.edu/resources/active-learning-metacognition
- University of Oxford Centre for Teaching and Learning. (2024). Peer feedback. University of Oxford. https://www.ctl.ox.ac.uk/peer-feedback